In the vicinity of Hong Kong's lush forests, a growing concern has emerged regarding the illegal harvesting of trees used for producing incense, perfumes, and traditional Chinese medicine. According to official reports, the rate of illegal logging skyrocketed in 2023, raising alarms among environmentalists and conservationists. This surge is driven by the high demand on the black market, both within mainland China and internationally. The fragrant wood, formed through a natural process involving tree resin, has become highly sought after, leading to increased efforts to protect these valuable resources.

The issue of illegal logging around Hong Kong has deep historical roots. The city’s very name, "Fragrant Harbor," reflects its historical role as a hub for trading aromatic products. Today, this legacy continues to influence local culture and industry. Artisans like Aaron Tang, who teaches traditional crafts in Hong Kong, are raising awareness about the dangers of purchasing wild-sourced agarwood. Meanwhile, researchers such as David Lau from the Chinese University of Hong Kong are studying the long-term impacts of unsustainable harvesting methods on the ecosystem.

The environmental community and scientific institutions have joined forces to safeguard the remaining trees. Since 2017, the Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden has been working diligently to replant endangered species. They also collect DNA samples from protected specimens to assist authorities in identifying illegally harvested wood. In addition, government agencies have implemented measures such as patrolling key areas and installing protective barriers around vulnerable trees. Despite these efforts, some experts argue that the decline in illegal logging may be due to the scarcity of remaining trees rather than effective enforcement.

Customs officials reported seizing nearly one ton of agarwood in a single operation in 2024, underscoring the ongoing challenges. Horticulturists like Paul Melsom have taken matters into their own hands, planting new trees in undisclosed locations to preserve the species. Their dedication highlights the importance of sustained effort in protecting these vital natural resources. As they continue to nurture young saplings, the hope remains that future generations will still benefit from the cultural and ecological significance of these trees.