Pakistan has devised a strategic financial plan to alleviate the mounting debt in its power sector by collaborating with eighteen commercial banks for an Islamic finance facility worth PKR1.275tn ($4.5bn). This initiative aims to resolve unpaid bills and subsidies that have hampered industrial progress and economic stability. The government, which controls much of the country’s power infrastructure, is under pressure due to a liquidity crisis affecting supply chains and fiscal burdens. This issue remains a focal point in Pakistan’s ongoing $7bn IMF program. The new financing facility offers favorable terms based on three-month KIBOR minus 0.9%, endorsed by the IMF, contrasting with existing liabilities carrying higher costs.

The repayment strategy involves allocating PKR323bn annually over six years, ensuring no addition to public debt. This agreement aligns with Pakistan’s goal to phase out interest-based banking by 2028, as Islamic finance constitutes about one-quarter of total banking assets. Additionally, ADB approved a $200m loan in December 2024 to enhance power distribution infrastructure efficiency, aiming for reliable electricity supply.

Revamping Financial Structures in the Power Sector

Pakistan’s power sector faces significant challenges due to unpaid bills and subsidies, severely impacting economic stability. To address these issues, the government has partnered with major banks like Meezan Bank, HBL, National Bank of Pakistan, and UBL for an innovative Islamic finance solution. This initiative not only targets the immediate liquidity crisis but also aligns with the broader objective of transitioning to interest-free banking systems by 2028. The concessional rate offered through this facility ensures manageable terms for repayment, crucial for stabilizing the sector without increasing public debt.

This financial restructuring is pivotal for overcoming the liquidity crisis that has plagued the power sector. By securing a PKR1.275tn facility, the government aims to clear outstanding debts incurred from high-cost legacy loans and late payment surcharges. The new terms, based on three-month KIBOR minus 0.9%, provide substantial relief compared to previous rates exceeding benchmark levels. Furthermore, the repayment schedule spans six years, involving 24 quarterly installments totaling PKR1.938tn. This structured approach ensures gradual debt reduction while maintaining operational capabilities within the sector. The alignment with global financial standards, such as IMF endorsements, enhances credibility and fosters investor confidence.

Enhancing Infrastructure and Operational Efficiency

Beyond resolving immediate financial woes, Pakistan is committed to improving its power distribution infrastructure. In December 2024, ADB approved a $200m loan aimed at upgrading this critical area. The project focuses on enhancing efficiency within distribution companies, ensuring a stable and reliable electricity supply across the nation. These enhancements are vital for attracting investment and supporting economic growth.

The initiative to upgrade power distribution infrastructure represents a comprehensive strategy to modernize the sector. By investing in advanced technologies and optimizing operational processes, distribution companies can significantly reduce losses and improve service quality. Reliable electricity supply is fundamental for industrial operations, residential consumption, and overall economic development. This project complements the financial restructuring efforts by addressing underlying inefficiencies that contribute to the sector’s financial strain. As part of a broader vision for sustainable energy management, these improvements will pave the way for a more resilient and efficient power sector in Pakistan. Together, financial innovation and infrastructure enhancement form a dual-pronged approach to revitalizing the industry and ensuring long-term stability.